Biography of Clarence Thomas

Early life – Hometown and Family Born on June 23, 1948, in Georgia, Clarence Thomas is one of the most notable black figures in the U.S. Justice system. Thomas grew up in Pin Point, which is a small, underprivileged region located south of  Savannah, a land that previously served as slave plantation. His father deserted him when he was only two years old (Cox 10-19). Thomas spent a better part of his childhood in poverty. He lived in an area that lacked many critical infrastructures such as transport and sewage systems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Clarence Thomas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most residents of Pin Point lived in misery and only managed to earn a few cents each day doing labor-intensive work. Thomas’s mother, Leola, did everything within her ability to ensure that her children never lacked. She was a domestic worker who also relied on charities from the church t o sustain her children. When Thomas was seven, her mother opted to remarry after her wooden dwelling caught fire and burned to the ground (Clarence Thomas par. 2). As Leola could not support the two boys adequately, she decided to take them to their grandparents. His grandfather, Myers Anderson, was an upright person who believed in the value of hard work. Anderson was quite autonomous and innovative. He used the back of his car as his premises, where he sold his wares. Thomas and his brother were lucky to live with their grandfather who was also a deeply religious man. Anderson was a devoted  Catholic and Democrat who worked hard to instill in the two young boys the values of financial independence and self-control, including the moral capacity to discern right from wrong (Vanzo par. 2).  Clarence Thomas (3) further notes that life with his grandfather was better in many ways because it introduced him to better days. Living with his grandfather meant that he could have meals on a regular basis. Besides, he could also involve himself in indoor plumbing work. Most outstandingly, Anderson instructed his grandsons to appreciate the value of a good education. The two boys quickly appreciated the importance of hard work and could often help their grandfather in various ways. When Thomas was free, he always visited the neighboring Carnegie library because the Savannah Public Library was out of bounds for the black community at the time. Education and Jobs When Thomas was young, he had a strong desire to join the priesthood. In a bid to realize that aspiration, he joined a black parochial high school. He stayed for about two years at the institution before joining a different one called St. John Vianney Minor Seminary. Although Thomas maintained exemplary performance in his education, he had a difficult time coping with his peers because he was the only African American pupil in his class (Vanzo par. 3-5). Racial intolerance had not ended for Thomas because when he enrolled in the Immaculate Conception Seminary in Missouri in 1967, he also faced the same dilemma. On one day, a classmate irritated him when he celebrated the killing of  Martin Luther King Jr. That conduct by the classmate prompted him to leave the seminary.Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thomas was also lucky in 1968 because he managed to secure a position with an enrollment plan targeting minorities in the region. The Holy Cross College in Worcester, Massachusetts had funded the enrollment plan. While Thomas was at the institution, he excelled in many ways. For instance, he participated in a number of community activist organizations and helped to establish the Black Student Union (Ondaatje 28). At the same time, he managed to maintain an impressive academic record, graduating among the best students of his class in 1971. He managed to graduate with an honors degree in Engl ish. Thomas was also lucky to qualify for a position in another program in support of qualified minorities, which enabled him to join Yale Law School in New Haven, Connecticut. To elude labeling from other students, Thomas opted to take a business-oriented law course as opposed to constitutional and civil rights specialties (Vanzo par. 3-5). While Thomas was at Yale, he also performed exceptionally well academically, managing to graduate with a J.D. Degree in 1974. In his first job, he worked as an assistant in the office of attorney general of the state of Missouri from 1974 to 1977 (Clarence Thomas: Biographical Data par. 1-5). His main task while serving in this position was to represent the Lincoln University. This was a predominantly black institution run by several arms of the government. For instance, the Department of Revenue and the State Tax Commission played a leading role in managing the institution. After working for some time as an assistant attorney general, Thomas de cided to work as a legal representative for the Monsanto Company, a position he held for two years, between 1977 and 1979. This position required him to supervise a number of federal regulations, where he handled bankruptcy, antitrust and product liability issues (Clarence Thomas Eighth Chairman of the EEOC par. 1-4). Government Positions Although Thomas started from very humble beginnings, he has become one of the most notable figures in the American justice system. Through hard work and a bit of fate, he has managed to make remarkable achievements, which have enabled him to hold several government positions. For instance, he is the second African- American to work at the High Court, a position that has enabled him to establish himself as a conservative (Clarence Thomas par. 1). As noted earlier, Thomas’s first job was that of an assistant attorney general of the state of Missouri. This means that he worked as Senator John Danforth’s assistant. After holding that posi tion for a while, he worked for two years as a legal representative for a private company. Thomas also served in the U.S. Department of Education for nearly one year (between 1981 and 1982) where he worked as the assistant secretary for civil rights. President Reagan appointed him to this position partly because his political views were conformist. After about one year, the Reagan administration also offered him the chairperson position in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). In 1990, President Bush selected him to become one of the judges of the U.S. Court of Appeals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Clarence Thomas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The president also recommended him for the post of Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Many minority groups disapproved his nomination claiming that his opinions regarding civil rights were conventional. However, Thomas managed to survive several days of probing from the Senate Judiciary Committee dominated by the Democrats. Thomas has been working in this position since 1991 (Clarence Thomas Eighth Chairman of the EEOC par. 1-4). Works Cited â€Å"Clarence Thomas Eighth Chairman of the EEOC, May 6, 1982 – March 8, 1990.† EEOC. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, n.d. Web. â€Å"Clarence Thomas.† Oyez. International Chicago-Kent College of Law, 6 Oct. 2013. Web. â€Å"Clarence Thomas: Biographical Data.† law.cornell. Legal Information Institute, n.d. Web. Cox, Vicki. Clarence Thomas. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2009. Print. Ondaatje, Michael. Black Conservative Intellectuals in Modern America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011. Print. Vanzo, John P. Clarence Thomas (b. 1948). 26 Aug. 2013. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Biography of Clarence Thomas was written and submitted by user Mary Glenn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Alkali Metal Definition (Chemistry)

Alkali Metal Definition (Chemistry) An alkali metal is any of the elements found in Group IA of the periodic table  (the first column). Alkali metals are very reactive chemical species which readily lose their one valence electron to form ionic compounds with nonmetals. All elements in the alkali metal group occur in nature. List of Alkali Metals The alkali metals are: Lithium  (Li)Sodium (Na)Potassium  (K)Rubidium (Rb)Cesium  (Cs)Francium (Fr) The IUPAC excludes hydrogen (H) as an alkali metal because it occurs as a gas under ordinary temperatures and pressures. However, hydrogen displays many of the properties associated with elements in the group and does become an alkali metal under extremely high pressure. Alkali Metal Properties The alkali metals are all soft, shiny, reactive metals. Although they are soft enough to cut with a knife, exposing a bright surface, the metals react with water and air to quickly tarnish. The pure metals are stored in an inert atmosphere or under oil to prevent oxidation. All of the metals react vigorously with water, with the energy of the reaction increasing as you move down the periodic table. None of the alkali metals exists free in nature. They are found as salts. All of the metals form crystals with the body-centered cubic structure. Sources Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

Stakeholders of Marks and Spencer Literature review

Stakeholders of Marks and Spencer - Literature review Example Center of discussion in this paper is the company that has a global reputation in fashion. It has many stakeholders who have helped build a global reputation. The contribution of stakeholders to the welfare of the company is very crucial. The company strives to maintain a high level and effective communication with its stakeholders. Marks and Spencer has both internal and external stakeholders. Internal stakeholders include the staff, management, owners, and shareholders. Staff and management devote time working for the company in order to earn a source of livelihood. Approximately, the company has 78000 workers. On the other hand, owners stand as internal stakeholders because the company’s profits are a source of income to them. Shareholders provide the company with capital of expansion while anticipating an increased a higher value of their shares as the company continues to make profits. On the other hand, it has stakeholders from the external front who include customers, s uppliers, competitors or substitutes and the public. The customers play a very crucial role as stakeholders. They buy the company’s products to derive a form of utility from them and through this way, the company’s sales increase. Suppliers form the other category of external stakeholders of the company. Through the sale of goods to the company, they gain profits while the company utilizes the supplies in its business. The public forms a larger category of stakeholders because the company’s products create an impact on the welfare of the society. ... Each of the stakeholders exerts a form of pressure that affects the standing of the company. Therefore, the type of communication and relationship that the company maintains with each of the stakeholders affects it. This has necessitated the company to have different forms of communication with each of its stakeholders. Relationship of the Organization with its Stakeholders The founders of Marks and Spencer emphasized on the importance of maintaining an effective and trustworthy relation with its stakeholders at all times. The basis of the relationship is the crucial value of trust. Trust has been the company’s value for the company for a long time. The company’s corporate and social responsibility department concentrates on formulating strategies of trust enhancement. The company strives to stay updated on the expectations of its stakeholders as circumstances change. For example, the emerging need for production and promotion of healthy food products has placed higher expectations from the customers. In addition, the public expects the company to maintain the trust by producing products that present limited adversity to the environment. The company has to maintain its trust with stakeholders at different fronts because the future of the company depends on these stakeholders (L'Etang, and Pieczka, 2006:216-225). In all of its dealings, the company believes strongly in using the right approach to tackle the right things. Marks &Spencer and its Customers Customers form the most important category of stakeholders of any organization. The same applies for Marks and Spencer. According to Davis (2010), the company realizes this important aspect and makes efforts to

Nuisances Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nuisances - Essay Example   Secondly, the plaintiff must also prove that the act of nuisance constituted unreasonable and unlawful conduct. In arriving at a determination of whether the defendant’s actions can be held to be unlawful and unreasonable and thereby constitute the private nuisance, the Courts will take into account the locality of the land, because actions in areas may constitute nuisance while they would not in others. The Courts will also consider whether the nuisance action would have affected the sensitivity of a normal, everyday person.   For example, in the case of McKinnon Industries v, Walker fumes from a neighboring factory destroyed delicate orchids.   But the Courts held that since the smoke would have affected even ordinary flowers, the act constituted the private nuisance.  An act will not be construed as the private nuisance if its general outcome is to be of some use to the community, after taking into account the location and the time of the activities.   For examp le, in the case of Harrison v Southwark Water Company building work that was carried out during the day was not deemed to be a nuisance because it was carried out at a reasonable time during the day and was likely to improve the value of the surrounding property when completed.  An act will be held to be a nuisance if it can be demonstrated that the defendant had a malicious intent because this will serve to establish that the defendant's actions were unreasonable and thereby constitute the nuisance.

You choose it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

You choose it - Essay Example is, however, unfortunate that in spite of the great strides, many obstacles still obstruct the realization of the employment rights of people living with disabilities. Only a few people living with disabilities access meaningful employment. There are several misconceptions and negative attitudes about disability that reduce the employers’, whether corporate, government or non-government, willingness from hiring anyone affected by a disability (UNICEF 2011). In some instances, some qualified job seekers are clearly discriminated and sidelined because of disabilities. People with intellectual disability are, for example, stigmatized for their perceived inability to comprehend most of the things that surround them. In addition, some employers are unwilling to recruit them because of the costs of adaptive technology and modifications needed at the workplace for them to work efficiently (UNICEF 2011). It is, therefore, apparent that these misconceptions continue to deprive people with disabilities the opportunity for employment. Lack of access to education, training, and funding are central to securing employment. Young people living with disabilities do not have access to opportunities and formal education to enhance their skills. The gap in education levels between those with disabilities and those without is a primary factor that determines who secures employment (DRNPA 2009). For people with disabilities and lack formal education, training or skills, they can still indulge in self-employment. Their lack of funding, however, presents an obstacle that prevents them from setting up businesses. Securing loans from lenders is a challenge because there are few people in the society who are willing to be collaterals to them. The lack of funds for investment, therefore, continues to deprive them the opportunity for employment (â€Å"Arc, 2014†). It is inevitable that people with disabilities are overprotected by the labor laws. Many countries and, in particular, those

Financial Management Of The Tottenham Hotspur Plc Finance Essay

Financial Management Of The Tottenham Hotspur Plc Finance Essay Tottenham Hotspur is one of the famous Football clubs in England; the club had huge fan base reaching 20 million people worldwide and almost 2.1 million in UK, how ever the current stadium capacity is only 36,500 fans. The one Hotspur membership scheme the club created attracted over 70,000 fans. Since one of the revenues sources is attendance, the club starts thinking of expanding or building new stadium to increase the number of fans attending the games. The quality of the strikers are also critical, and usually clubs loses some of their players during the year, therefore need to replace them with better quality if possible and that costly too. The current Enterprise value of the club is 156 million, with Net Debt / EV of 0.12 and revenue of 75 million, in addition to that, the club Avg.net Goals ( 1998-2007) was -1.9 (December 31, 2007)  [1]   Such situation ranks the club 6 among other clubs. Mr. Daniel the chairman is about to take a very important business decisions which will drive the success of the club in the coming 13 years. The chairman has to decide if the stadium development plans made sense, and how best to proceed in the player acquisition market as well  [2]   It goes without saying that any further investment should be justify by the return on investment, therefore the chairman should take in to consideration all the financial aspects such as revenue and cost. As one of the most a manager can make is the capital decision. This key decision requires spending now in order to acquire long-lived assets that will be source of cash flow in the future a successful capital investment program will contribute to the firms financial performance for many years.  [3]   Executive Summary: In this case analysis I will try to answer three important questions which can be considered as the base of above mentioned capital investment program Mr. Daniel can set for Tottenham Hotspur club for the coming years. Is Tottenham at the current stock price of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤ 13.80 fairly valued? And to answer such question financial evaluation using DCF should be conducted assuming that Tottenham continues in its current stadium. What will be the value of the chairman decision to build new stadium? And also a DCF should be conducted taking in to consideration the increase on Revenues and capital expenditure. What will be the value of the chairman decision to sign a new striker? Taking in to consideration the cost to be paid to the formal striker club and the running cost of the striker him self once he join Tottenham. Since the purpose of an investment is to get more back, over time, than you put in. One of the most common valuation criteria, which satisfy the above condition, is called NPV. Net Present Value (NPV) (NPV =Present Value of Cash Inflows Present Value of Cash Outflows Decision Rule:  [4]   If NPV>0, then accept the project If NPV=0, then indifference position, go no go situation If NPV Based on the above, and my deep analysis my findings and recommendations are as follows: Tottenham Hotspur current stock price is over valued, Their Enterprise value as a result of DCF is 107.14 Million à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤, therefore the Value per share is 9.73 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤,  [5]   Tottenham Hotspur Enterprise value of 107.14 Million à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤, confirm its rank as No.6 Just after Newcastle United and before Everton,  [6]   Investing à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤250 million in building new stadium is not visible or profitable , DCF based on incremental increase in revenue and operating cost due to Stadium resulted in negative NPV (-60.12)  [7]   Investing à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤20 Million as a cost of acquiring new striker in addition to his high running cost also is not visible or profitable. DCF based on incremental increase in Broadcast and others, and operating cost due to acquiring new striker resulted in negative NPV (-23.5)  [8]   All these questions and comprehensive analysis and recommendations will be included in the main report. The main report and questions Answers : Part one: At its current stock price of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤13.80, is Tottenham fairly valued? To answer this question we should conduct a company valuation, and calculate the Enterprise value (EV) of the company then divide the EV on the total Number of shares. In addition to the available data mentioned in both the balance sheet (Dec.2007) and income statement of Tottenham  [9]  and in order to be able to calculate the change in working capital, the following major assumption has been taken during the evaluation, In order to calculate the change in working capital i calculate it for the first year, then calculate it as % or revenue then I apply the % for the remaining years,  [10]  using this assumption enable me to calculate the Free cash flow and then discount that cash flow using the discounted factor 10.25, to reach Enterprise Value (NPV) of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤107.14 million out of that the Terminal Value and the PV were calculated. Since the company under long term debt of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤43.08 million and having à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤26.29 million as Cash and equivalent their Equity value is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤90.35 million and accordingly their share value is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤9.73.  [11]   It is clear that Tottenham share value is over valued and may be that because of commercial issues related to stock market. As a recommendation the management should start looking to find solutions where by the revenue can be increased with a strict control in operating Expenses, in order to increase the cash inflow versus the cash outflow. This will be reflected on their Annual net Income, and consequently on their share price. Part 2: One of the major resources of Tottenham Revenue is the attendance, and their current stadium capacity is limited to 36,500 fans only, however they have about 2.1 million fans in UK, in addition to that they launch an incentive program to their fans One Hotspur Membership scheme which attract over 70,000 fans.  [12]  That is why the club start thinking to build a new stadium which will cost à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤250 million to be paid in two equal installments over two years, such a decision need to be challenged in term of the return as revenue and Net profit , therefore New stadium DCF analysis was conducted to obtain the NPV of the project. The whole scenario was built on the following assumption: Since the cash out (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤250) will be paid to generate cash in as revenue, so I only took in to consideration the INCREMENTAL increase in revenue( Attendance and Sponsorship only) and the INCREMENTAL increase in operating Cost using the forecasted growth as mentioned in the case  [13]  due to the new stadium. The (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤250) million were considered as cost of constricting new stadium distributed equally, 2008 and 2009; the increase in capital expenditure was taken as it is forecasted in the case. Since the construction will take two years, the cash in as revenue will start by (2010)  [14]   The DCF result was not satisfactory, NPV is negative (-60.2)  [15]  . My recommendation to Mr. Daniel is not to go with this option based on the given cost of construction, how ever he can think of other solutions to increase the capacity of the stadium at lower cost and I can suggest one of two options The first one is do some expansion to the current stadium if possible to increase the capacity to almost 60,000 fans and definitely this could be at lower cost, The other suggestion is to go in partner ship with one of the small size clubs as to share the cost and benefit from the revenue. Part 3: Do the club has to acquire new striker at the acquiring cost of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤20 million and salary of 2.6 million in the first year to reach à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤6.13 million in ten years or not? And what will be the impact of the new striker on Tottenham revenue and net income?. It goes without saying that answering these questions will depend on the financial analysis of the cash inflow as revenue versus cash outflow as cost. DCF To go with such Analysis I also took major assumptions in addition to what already mentioned in the case, the assumptions are: To consider only the Incremental revenue generated from Broadcast and others.  [16]   The new striker will enhance the team rank and then earned a greater share of league television broadcast revenue. The each moves up in the standings worth an estimated à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤670,000  [17]  . So The club will move one rank up during 2008 season and another move every three seasons due to the strong completions Based on the above data and assumptions, the result of the DCF was not encouraging and the NPV negative (-23.5) therefore the club should not sign with the new striker at these conditions and instead I have the following suggestions: Knowing the importance of acquiring professional strikers Tottenham should negotiate better deal with the formal club of the striker and the striker him self. They can spend some of that money in developing their current strikers and enhancing their performance. An aggressive incentive scheme based on profit sharing could be established to motivate the existing team to enhance their Avg. Net Goals which is currently (-1.9)  [18]  . Because Investment tie up cash, their value is based on the amount of future cash flows that will accrue to investors  [19]  

One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest Essay -- essays research papers fc

As medical advances are being made, it makes the treating of diseases easier and easier. Mental hospitals have changed the way the treat a patient’s illness considerably compared to the hospital described in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. â€Å" Please understand: We do not impose certain rules and restrictions on you with out a great deal of thought about their therapeutic value. A good many of you are in here because you could not adjust to the rules of society in the Outside World, because you refused to face up to them, because you tried to circumvent them and avoid them. At some time – perhaps in your childhood – you may have been allowed to get away with flouting the rules of society. When you broke a rule you knew it. You wanted to be dealt with, needed it, but the punishment did not come. That foolish lenience on the part of your parents may have been the germ that grew in to your present illness. I tell you this hoping you will understand that it is entirely for your own good that we enforce discipline and order.† (Kesey 188).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This comment made by the â€Å" Big Nurse† in the story implies that she is telling the patients that the reason they have this disease is that they want to receive punishment when they did wrong or to attract attention to themselves. In no way is this the case with schizophrenia. The patients did not develop this illness because of lack of discipline from their parents or because the wanted attention. This dreaded disease is one that is unexplained and a cure is has yet to be found, although there are ways to treat the illness at the present time. Every year one hundred thousand young Americans are diagnosed with the disease schizophrenia (Carman Research). Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that is associated with unnatural behavior or thinking . The disease usually affects people during the late adolescence stage or early adulthood, typically during this time they develop the symptoms linked to the disease. The most typical symptoms of schizophrenia are things such as, hearing things that others cannot, such as voice of people whispering, having a feeling that someone is going out of their way to make sure they harm you, having visions of things that people around you cannot see, receiving special messages from the television, radio, and other appliances, felling that you posses special powers that ca... ...ending on the size and tolerances of the patients, the voltages could have ranged anywhere form 70 to 130 volts. As a direct effect from the large amounts of electricity being imposed into the patient’s body they will lose consciousness almost immediately. The shocks sent them in to convulsions or seizures and therefore increased their insulin levels. After a patient regains consciousness, he or she will not remember any of the events of being shocked. (Noyes and Kolb). As the treat for this disease improves the people effected by it will have a better chance to live a normal life with out the fear of being seen as a out cast. Works Cited Kesey, Ken. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The Viking Press. New York. 1973. Page 188. Noyes, Arthur P. M.D. and Kolb, Lawrence C. M.D. Shock and Other Physical Therapies. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Text and Criticism: The Viking Press. New York. 1973. Page 499. Long, Phillip W. M.D. â€Å"Schizophrenia: Youth’s Greatest Disabler.† British Columbia Schizophrenic Society. 8th edition. April 12, 2000. www.Mentalhealth.com. â€Å"Schizophrenia.† Carman Research. September 17, 2000. http://www.carmanresearch.com/schizophrenia.html.